Curated city guide

Best Specialty Coffee in Tokyo

Tokyo's coffee culture is meticulous, inventive, and quietly world-class.

Specialty coffee shops in Tokyo

  • % ARABICA Tokyo Azabudai Hills 4F

    4F, 1-chōme-3-1 Azabudai, Minato City, Tokyo 106-0041, Japan

    House-roasted origins and espresso, with custom roasting at selected branches.

  • % ARABICA Tokyo Azabudai Hills B1

    Japan, 〒105-0001 Tokyo, Minato City, Toranomon, 5-chōme−9−1 ガーデンプラザA B B1F

    House-roasted origins and espresso, with custom roasting at selected branches.

  • % ARABICA Tokyo Nakameguro

    Japan, 〒153-0042 Tokyo, Meguro City, Aobadai, 1-chōme−17−5 メゾン青葉 101

    House-roasted origins and espresso, with custom roasting at selected branches.

  • ABOUT LIFE COFFEE BREWERS Shibuya 1-chome

    Japan, 〒150-0043 Tokyo, Shibuya, Dōgenzaka, 1-chōme−19−8 斉丸道玄坂ビル 2F

    A cornerstone of Tokyo's street-side coffee scene, this stand operates a multi-roaster program featuring Onibus Coffee alongside a rotating selection of domestic and international guest roasters. They specialize in…

  • Akha Ama Coffee Kagurazaka

    1-25 Akagi Motomachi, Shinjuku City, Tokyo 162-0817, Japan

    Traceable Thai specialty coffee supported through a producer-led social-enterprise model.

  • Alchemist Kyobashi

    2-chōme-4-12 Kyōbashi, Chuo City, Tokyo 104-0031, Japan

    Carefully sourced specialty coffees presented through filter and espresso.

  • ALL SEASONS COFFEE Ikebukuro

    Japan, 〒171-0021 Tokyo, Toshima City, Nishiikebukuro, 5-chōme−14−3 シーアイマンション立教前 1階

    Bean-specific hand drip supported by cold brew and a full espresso selection.

  • ALL SEASONS COFFEE Shinjuku

    Japan, 〒160-0022 Tokyo, Shinjuku City, Shinjuku, 2-chōme−7−7 1F

    Hand-dripped coffee with bean-specific pricing, alongside a complete espresso menu.

  • Allpress Espresso Tokyo Roastery & Cafe

    3-chōme-7-2 Hirano, Koto City, Tokyo 135-0023, Japan

    A cornerstone of Tokyo's wood-framed warehouse revival, this site roasts using Allpress's signature hot air technology. The program focuses on high-consistency espresso blends and a refined milk-based menu, though…

  • Amameria Espresso

    Japan, 〒142-0062 Tokyo, Shinagawa City, Koyama, 3-chōme−6−15 1階

    A high-precision roastery emphasizing clean, high-extraction brewing across a spectrum of roast profiles, from vibrant single-origins to balanced medium-darks. Their coffee program is complemented by a…

  • Arise Coffee Roasters

    1-chōme-13-8 Hirano, Koto City, Tokyo 135-0023, Japan

    A purist filter program focusing on house-roasted single origins served exclusively as drip coffee. The selection is vast, often featuring beans from lesser-seen regions like Thailand and Vietnam alongside global…

  • Bear Pond Espresso

    2-chōme-36-12 Kitazawa, Setagaya City, Tokyo 155-0031, Japan

    Owner Katsuyuki Tanaka treats espresso as a high-stakes craft, famously serving the 'Angel Stain'—a syrupy, concentrated double ristretto—and the original 'Dirty', where hot espresso is layered over cold milk.

  • BEASTY COFFEE Cafe Laboratory

    1-chōme-19-3 Tomigaya, Shibuya, Tokyo 151-0063, Japan

    Espresso, filter coffee and an original blend developed in an experimental cafe setting.

  • BERTH COFFEE ROASTERY Haru

    2-chōme-7-2 Yokokawa, Sumida City, Tokyo 130-0003, Japan

    Freshly roasted specialty coffee served from a working shared roastery.

  • Blue Bottle Coffee Aoyama

    Japan, 〒107-0062 Tokyo, Minato City, Minamiaoyama, 3-chōme−13−14 増田ビル 2階

    This location emphasizes precision brewing techniques, offering both standard pour-overs and traditional Japanese Nel Drip alongside seasonal single-origin espresso. The menu features unique botanical options like the…

  • Blue Bottle Coffee Kiyosumi Flagship

    1-chōme-4-8 Hirano, Koto City, Tokyo 135-0023, Japan

    As the brand's first entry into Japan, this flagship emphasizes a high-ceilinged roastery environment where single-origin beans are prepared via precise pour-overs and espresso. The food program is elevated, featuring…

  • Blue Bottle Coffee Roppongi

    7-chōme-7-7 Roppongi, Minato City, Tokyo 106-0032, Japan

    The program centers on peak-flavor freshness with a rigorous pour-over bar and a versatile espresso menu featuring the signature Hayes Valley Espresso. Notable drinks include the Nola Float—a chicory-infused cold brew…

  • Blue Bottle Coffee Shibuya

    Japan, 〒150-0041 Tokyo, Shibuya, Jinnan, 1-chōme−7−3 内 渋谷区立北谷公園

    A multi-level flagship overlooking Kitaya Park that focuses on single-origin pour-overs and signature espresso drinks. The menu features unique Shibuya-exclusive food pairings like brunch plates and their signature…

  • Blue Bottle Coffee Shinjuku

    Japan, 〒160-0022 Tokyo, Shinjuku City, Shinjuku, 4-chōme−1−6 NEWoMan SHINJUKU 1F

    An efficient operation delivering high-grade single-origins via precise pour-overs and espresso pulled on a Kees van der Westen Spirit. Unique to this branch is a high-volume hospitality model that maintains meticulous…

  • Brewman Koma Terrace Nishisando

    4-chōme-17-4 Yoyogi, Shibuya, Tokyo 151-0053, Japan

    Carefully extracted filter coffee from selected house and guest-roaster beans.

  • Brewman Tokyo Higashi-Ginza

    Japan, 〒104-0061 Tokyo, Chuo City, Ginza, 2-chōme−13−7 石渡ビル 1階

    Competition-informed hand brewing across selected single origins and guest roasters.

  • Brewman Yoyogi

    Japan, 〒151-0053 Tokyo, Shibuya, Yoyogi, 3-chōme−13−1 SMI:RE YOYOGI 1C

    Competition-led manual brewing using house-selected and guest-roaster coffees.

  • COFFEE BASE Meguro

    2-chōme-8-8 Meguro, Meguro City, Tokyo 153-0063, Japan

    Freshly roasted specialty coffee prepared as hand brew, espresso and milk drinks.

  • COFFEE COUNTY Tokyo

    Japan, 〒155-0031 Tokyo, Setagaya City, Kitazawa, 1-chōme−30−3 ホーメンス北沢

    Hailing from Fukuoka, this shop focuses on a 'producer-first' roasting philosophy with a heavy emphasis on expressive light roasts and vintage-style hand drips. Their coffee program is remarkably interactive, often…

  • COFFEE ELEMENTARY SCHOOL

    Japan, 〒130-0013 Tokyo, Sumida City, Kinshi, 4-chōme−9−9 宮本マンション2 102

    Specialty filter and espresso coffee with a rotating, roaster-curated selection.

  • Coffee Supreme Shibuya

    Japan, 〒150-0047 Tokyo, Shibuya, Kamiyamachō, 42−3 1F

    Roaster-led espresso, filter coffee and house blends from the New Zealand specialty brand.

  • COFFEE SWAMP

    Japan, 〒160-0023 Tokyo, Shinjuku City, Nishishinjuku, 7-chōme−21−12 れんげ荘 105号

    Traceable light-roast single origins, including washed and natural Ethiopian coffees.

  • Coffee Wrights Kuramae

    4-chōme-20-2 Kuramae, Taito City, Tokyo 111-0051, Japan

    A roasting-centric program that excels in both single-origin filter coffee and delicate espresso drinks. They are particularly noted for their Honduras cold brew and a signature cheesecake designed to balance their…

  • Counterpart Coffee

    3-chōme-12-16 Honmachi, Shibuya, Tokyo 151-0071, Japan

    A technical focus on pour-over extraction using house-roasted beans and a selection of guest roasters. The program emphasizes clarity in single-origin filter coffee, complemented by a precise espresso menu and…

  • COVERT COFFEE ROASTERY

    Japan, 〒160-0022 Tokyo, Shinjuku City, Shinjuku, 3-chōme−17−7 紀伊國屋ビル B1F

    Light-roasted single origins developed through COVERT's own roasting program.

  • COVERT COFFEE Shinjuku

    Japan, 〒160-0022 Tokyo, Shinjuku City, Shinjuku, 3-chōme−27−10 Musashino Building, B1F

    Light-roasted specialty coffee served through filter and espresso.

  • EPONYM COFFEE

    Japan, 〒151-0071 Tokyo, Shibuya, Honmachi, 4-chōme−18−2 黒田屋ハイツ 1F

    A rotating coffee selection prepared across filter and espresso.

  • FINETIME COFFEE ROASTERS

    1-chōme-12-15 Kyōdō, 世田谷区 Setagaya City, Tokyo 156-0052, Japan

    Small-batch, house-roasted single origins prepared as filter and espresso.

  • Fuglen Tokyo

    1-chōme-16-11 Tomigaya, Shibuya, Tokyo 151-0063, Japan

    Fuglen pioneered the light-roast 'Nordic' style in Tokyo, prioritizing high-clarity single origins and fruit-forward espresso. Their program seamlessly transitions from precision pour-overs by day to sophisticated…

  • GESHARY COFFEE Hibiya

    Yūrakuchō Tōhō Bldg., 1-chōme-6-3 Yūrakuchō, Chiyoda City, Tokyo 100-0006, Japan

    Premium Gesha coffees sourced from leading producers and prepared through dedicated brewing methods.

  • GLITCH COFFEE & ROASTERS Ginza

    Japan, 〒104-0061 Tokyo, Chuo City, Ginza, 4-chōme−14−8 VORT銀座イーストIII 1階

    Glitch operates a strictly single-origin, light-roast program featuring rare, high-scoring microlots. Every order begins with a detailed sensory consultation where baristas help you navigate a rotating menu of 10-15…

  • GLITCH COFFEE & ROASTERS Jimbocho

    Japan, 〒101-0054 Tokyo, Chiyoda City, Kanda Nishikichō, 3-chōme−16 1階

    A pioneer in Japan's light roast movement, Glitch focuses exclusively on single-origin beans with a heavy emphasis on experimental ferments and rare varietals. Their program is defined by high-end pour-overs and…

  • Good People & Good Coffee

    Japan, 〒153-0043 Tokyo, Meguro City, Higashiyama, 3-chōme−4−11 サンライズ東山 1F

    The program centers on two signature blends named after pop culture references—'Johnny B Goode' and 'Tomando'—available across diverse extraction methods from paper drip to espresso. They are particularly noted for…

  • Higuma Doughnuts × Coffee Wrights Omotesando

    Japan, 〒150-0001 Tokyo, Shibuya, Jingūmae, 4-chōme−9−13 ミナガワビレッジⅠ ミナガワビレッジ #5

    This collaboration pairs Coffee Wrights’ technical roasting—focused on clean-profile filter and balanced milk drinks—with doughnuts made from scratch using Hokkaido wheat and milk. The menu features a high-grade…

  • imperfect MARUNOUCHI ROASTERY

    Japan, 〒100-0002 Tokyo, Chiyoda City, Marunouchi, 2-chōme−3−1 231PLACE 1F

    On-site roasting, eleven selectable coffees and a dedicated Marunouchi blend.

  • KIELO COFFEE Akihabara

    第一共和ビル 1F, 1-chōme-29-4 Taitō, Taito City, Tokyo 110-0016, Japan

    Specialty coffee presented through manual brew, espresso and milk drinks.

  • KIELO COFFEE Asakusa

    Japan, 〒111-0034 Tokyo, Taito City, Kaminarimon, 2-chōme−10−5 1階

    Specialty filter coffee, espresso and milk drinks from KIELO's quality-focused team.

  • KITASANDO COFFEE Lab.

    Japan, 〒150-0042 Tokyo, Shibuya, Udagawachō, 21−1 P館 1F 西武渋谷店 CHOOSEBASE内

    Selected specialty coffees served through pour-over, espresso and milk formats.

  • KITASANDO COFFEE Roastery

    Japan, 〒108-0073 Tokyo, Minato City, Mita, 3-chōme−9−11 Randl Takanawa Gateway, 1階

    House-roasted specialty coffees across light, medium and deeper profiles.

  • Koffee Mameya

    4-chōme-15-3 Jingūmae, Shibuya, Tokyo 150-0001, Japan

    A ritualistic multi-roaster bar where baristas function as consultants, mapping a massive variety of international beans onto a signature roast-profile matrix. Each guest receives a custom recipe card detailing the…

  • Koffee Mameya Kakeru

    2-chōme-16-14 Hirano, Koto City, Tokyo 135-0023, Japan

    The program is built around coffee tasting courses that showcase a single roast through multiple extraction methods—including cold brew, milk-based, and espresso—often paired with curated small bites or finished as…

  • KURO MAME TOKYO

    Kamiyacho Place E1, 5-chōme-3-3 Toranomon, Minato City, Tokyo 105-0001, Japan

    Rare specialty coffees and tasting experiences shaped by World Brewers Cup-winning expertise.

  • Leaves Coffee Roasters Honjo

    1-chōme-8-8 Honjo, Sumida City, Tokyo 130-0004, Japan

    A roastery-led program focused on clarity and terroir, utilizing high-end Probat and Giesen technology to produce vibrant, clean filter coffees and silky espresso drinks. They offer an extensive rotating bean list with…

  • Life Size Cribe

    3-chōme-5-5 Honchō, Kokubunji, Tokyo 185-0012, Japan

    Self-roasted specialty coffee with balanced filter, espresso and milk-drink profiles.

  • LIGHT UP COFFEE Kichijoji

    4-chōme-13-15 Kichijōji Honchō, Musashino, Tokyo 180-0004, Japan

    Specializing in an ultra-light roast profile, they emphasize the 'fruit' aspect of coffee with high clarity. Their signature tasting set offers three distinct single-origins served side-by-side, often including rare…

  • LIGHT UP COFFEE Shimokitazawa

    2-chōme-29-12 Daita, Setagaya City, Tokyo 155-0033, Japan

    A rigorous light-roast program dedicated to clarity and fruit-forward profiles, featuring multi-origin tasting flights and precise pour-overs that emphasize seasonal terroir.

  • Little Darling Coffee Roasters

    1-chōme-12-32 Minamiaoyama, Minato City, Tokyo 107-0062, Japan

    Operating as a full-service roastery using a Probat, they focus on balanced single-origin roasts and creative signatures like the 'Berry Latte' or citrus-infused cold brews. The program is designed to bridge the gap…

  • Little Nap Coffee Roasters

    2-chōme-43-15 Tomigaya, Shibuya, Tokyo 151-0063, Japan

    A roastery-focused program specializing in a bold, traditional espresso profile designed to cut through milk, complemented by a precise selection of house-made pastries like their signature lemon cake and scones.

  • Little Nap Coffee Stand

    5-chōme-65-4 Yoyogi, Shibuya, Tokyo 151-0053, Japan

    A high-precision espresso program focused on balanced milk-based drinks and smooth Americanos. The menu is intentionally focused, complemented by a rotating selection of house-made pastries like banana bread and muffins.

  • LONICH

    Japan, 〒111-0051 Tokyo, Taito City, Kuramae, 1-chōme−7−4 Kビル 1F

    Rare single origins presented through reservation-led tasting courses and producer relationships.

  • LUSH-COFFEE Roaster & Laboratory

    園生ビル 1f, 3-chōme-33 Senju, Adachi City, Tokyo 120-0034, Japan

    Traceable Timor-Leste coffee, in-house roasting and carefully controlled brewing.

  • MÖWE COFFEE ROASTERS

    Japan, 〒166-0002 Tokyo, Suginami City, Kōenjikita, 2-chōme−10−6 ブルーバードビル 1階B号室

    Self-roasted specialty coffee presented with origin and supply-chain context.

  • Nadoya no Katte

    3-chōme-19-3 Nishihara, Shibuya, Tokyo 151-0066, Japan

    Hand-dripped specialty coffee from a selective rotating bean lineup.

  • OBSCURA COFFEE ROASTERS Front

    Japan, 〒150-0043 Tokyo, Shibuya, Dōgenzaka, 1-chōme−12−1 B1F

    A specialized espresso and retail counter featuring a wide selection of house-roasted single origins and meticulously crafted milk drinks within a premium food hall environment.

  • OBSCURA COFFEE ROASTERS Laboratory

    4-chōme-28-9 Taishidō, Setagaya City, Tokyo 154-0004, Japan

    A dedicated 'laboratory' space focused on bean selection and roast development, offering a rotating menu of single-origins across a spectrum of light, medium, and dark roast profiles. The program emphasizes technical…

  • OGAWA COFFEE LABORATORY Azabudai

    港区麻布台1丁目2−4 ヒルズガーデンプラザC 日本 B1F, ヒルズ マーケット, 内, 1-chōme-2 Azabudai, Minato City, Tokyo 106-0041, Japan

    Broad single-origin and blend selection matched to deliberate filter and espresso preparation.

  • Ogawa Coffee Laboratory Shimokitazawa

    Japan, 〒155-0031 Tokyo, Setagaya City, Kitazawa, 3-chōme−19−20 reload1-1

    A dedicated 'coffee salon' featuring over 20 rotating single-origin beans and an unparalleled library of 40 different brewing tools for guest use. The experience centers on custom curation, where baristas guide you…

  • Onibus Coffee Nakameguro

    2-chōme-14-1 Kamimeguro, Meguro City, Tokyo 153-0051, Japan

    A pioneer of Tokyo’s light-roast movement, Onibus focuses on seasonal single-origins roasted to highlight sweetness and clarity. Their program is defined by meticulous pour-overs and a roasting style that avoids…

  • Paddlers Coffee

    2-chōme-26-5 Nishihara, Shibuya, Tokyo 151-0066, Japan

    They are the sole official purveyor of Portland’s Stumptown Coffee Roasters in Japan, specializing in meticulous espresso pulls, a cult-favorite chai, and artisanal hot dogs served on premium buns.

  • Passage Coffee

    Japan, 〒108-0014 Tokyo, Minato City, Shiba, 5-chōme−14−16 大正堂ビル 1F

    Founded by 2014 World Aeropress Champion Shuichi Sasaki, the program emphasizes light-roast clarity across pour-over, Aeropress, and espresso. The bean list often features high-elevation Kenyans and exclusive Geishas.

  • PHILOCOFFEA (Omotesando)

    Japan, 〒107-0061 Tokyo, Minato City, Kitaaoyama, 3-chōme−8−15 GREEN TERRACE 表参道 B1

    Founded by 2016 World Brewers Cup Champion Tetsu Kasuya, the program excels in technical pour-overs and high-clarity light roasts. The menu features the signature '001' and '002' roast profile system, allowing guests…

  • Quaro

    4-chōme-25-32 Jingūmae, Shibuya, Tokyo 150-0001, Japan

    Custom single origins and blends, precise extraction and an underground roasting lab.

  • Raw Sugar Roast

    3-chōme-9-4 Miyasaka, Setagaya City, Tokyo 156-0051, Japan

    A high-ceilinged roastery focused on transparent sourcing, ranging from clean washed lots to experimental co-ferments. The program excels in both juicy pour-overs and technical espresso, including a customizable milk…

  • Sarutahiko Coffee

    Japan, 〒150-0043 Tokyo, Shibuya, Dōgenzaka, 2-chōme−25−12 道玄坂通 1F

    Expertly roasted house blends and single-origins served as precision pour-overs or espresso. This Shibuya location features a distinct 'Tokyo-style' service that balances high-volume efficiency with specialty standards.

  • Single O Kanda Awaji

    Japan, 〒101-0063 Tokyo, Chiyoda City, Kanda Awajichō, 2-chōme−101 ワテラスタワ 3階

    Producer-sourced single origins, filter coffee, Freepour batch brew and espresso.

  • Single O Ryogoku Roastworks

    3-chōme-21-5 Kamezawa, Sumida City, Tokyo 130-0014, Japan

    This roasting headquarters marries heritage with high-tech, featuring a vintage 1960s Probat roaster and a signature 'Free Pour' tap system for precision batch brews. The coffee highlights clarity and acidity, focusing…

  • SOL'S COFFEE Solamachi

    Japan, 〒131-0045 Tokyo, Sumida City, Oshiage, 1-chōme−1−2 東京スカイツリータウン ソラマチイーストヤード7階9番地

    House-roasted specialty coffee sourced with attention to farms and producers.

  • SOW COFFEE ROASTERS

    Japan, 〒108-0074 Tokyo, Minato City, Takanawa, 2-chōme−21−2 ニュウマン高輪 South 4F

    Directly traded, traceable specialty coffees roasted and served on site.

  • SR Coffee Roaster Kabutocho

    6-5 Nihonbashikabutochō, Chuo City, Tokyo 103-0026, Japan

    Nordic-influenced house roasting, seasonal single origins and espresso.

  • Streamer Coffee

    1-chōme-20-28 Shibuya, Tokyo 150-0002, Japan

    Founded by Hiroshi Sawada, the first Asian Freepour Latte Art Champion, the program centers on heavy-hitting triple-ristretto shots and silky microfoam. Their signature Streamer Latte is served in oversized bowls to…

  • Switch Coffee Tokyo

    2-chōme-3-9 Meguro, Meguro City, Tokyo 153-0063, Japan

    A roastery-focused program emphasizing seasonal single-origin beans, with a technical focus on high-clarity espresso and hand-poured filter coffee.

  • Switch Coffee Tokyo Yoyogi-Hachiman

    1-chōme-53-2 Tomigaya, Shibuya, Tokyo 151-0063, Japan

    A dedicated roaster-led outpost focusing on high-quality single-origin beans, particularly known for their bright Kenyan espressos and well-balanced lattes. They offer a rare-for-Tokyo morning coffee deal that makes…

  • THE ROASTERY BY NOZY COFFEE

    Reveur Jingumae, 5-chōme-17-13 Jingūmae, Shibuya, Tokyo 150-0001, Japan

    A dedicated single-origin program where espresso is served in champagne glasses to enhance aromatics, alongside a specialized French press bar. They prioritize direct-trade beans and offer daily tastings of their…

  • TORAHEBI COFFEE Shibuya PARCO

    Japan, 〒150-0042 Tokyo, Shibuya, Udagawachō, 15−1 渋谷PARCO 3F アウトサイド

    Science-led coffee selection and roasting with particular attention to green-bean condition.

  • Turret Coffee Tsukiji

    2-chōme-12-6 Tsukiji, Chuo City, Tokyo 104-0045, Japan

    Full-bodied espresso and precisely textured milk drinks, led by the signature Turret Latte.

  • UNLIMITED COFFEE BAR

    1-chōme-18-2 Narihira, Sumida City, Tokyo 130-0002, Japan

    A roastery-led menu featuring technical coffee flights served with soda water cleansers and professional-grade espresso. The program is helmed by baristas with competition backgrounds and extends into creative coffee…

  • VERVE COFFEE ROASTERS NEWoMan Shinjuku

    Japan, 〒151-0051 Tokyo, Shibuya, Sendagaya, 5-chōme−24−55 NEWoMan 新宿 2F

    A high-volume flagship featuring a dedicated tasting bar for sampling the full bean lineup and Japan-specific signatures like the Valencia Latte and Uji Matcha Latte.

  • VERVE COFFEE ROASTERS Roppongi

    5-chōme-16-7 Roppongi, Minato City, Tokyo 106-0032, Japan

    Verve’s Roppongi hub emphasizes single-origin precision through a dedicated pour-over bar and a unique tasting station for sampling roasts. The menu features their iconic Santa Cruz-style espresso alongside original…

  • WESTSIDE COFFEE Asakusa

    3-chōme-2-1 Asakusa, Taito City, Tokyo 111-0032, Japan

    Rotating house-roasted specialty coffees with multiple origins and roast profiles.

  • WESTSIDE COFFEE Kuramae

    4-chōme-31-1 Kuramae, Taito City, Tokyo 111-0051, Japan

    House-roasted coffee with a Kuramae-only blend and rotating origin choices.

  • WESTSIDE COFFEE Yanagibashi

    Japan, 〒111-0052 Tokyo, Taito City, Yanagibashi, 2-chōme−16−16 ホテルブリリオ浅草橋 1F

    House-roasted specialty coffees across a deliberately broad roast spectrum.

  • YAZAWA COFFEE ROASTERS

    1-chōme-14-5 Tateishi, Katsushika City, Tokyo 124-0012, Japan

    A true roaster-led program focusing on nuanced light to medium roasts, notably their Natural Ethiopians. They offer a rare level of customization, allowing guests to choose specific bean origins and preferred…